Music on Television: Example Exam

Q1. Explain how the editing and presentation in the clips above are typical of music programmes on TV.

The codes and conventions are similar in both extracts, they both have able presenters, who form a relationship with the audience, modern, exciting sets, popular live performers, live audiences, which represent the target audience, a range of camera shots and angles to help us see our star vehicles close up, with Jools Holland appearing to use a single camera set up and Transmission using a multi-camera set up.

People.......
In both shows the presenters are important, introducing the audience to the guests in an excitable tone of voice. The presenters on both shows are informal, dressed in smart casual clothes and communicate with their target audience through a direct mode of address. This process of communication is important because it makes the audience feel like they are there, in the studio and that the programme is directed at them.

Location......
The sets for live shows play an important role in creating the mise-en-scene for the programme and help create a good atmosphere in the studio.

The set for Transmission is very similar to a night club, with open space dance floors surrounding different stages and an are where the interviews take place, consisting of modern sofas. The set is a signifier which would appeal to the target audience for the programme, modern exciting and similar to the night club culture, meaning the show has a high level of cultural verisimilitude.

The set for Jools Holland is slightly different, creating a different mise-en-scene. If Transmission is hoping to attract a young audience who are very much part of the clubbing scene and in to modern music, then Jools Holland is trying to attract a slightly older audience. Each band has their own stage and are asked to play more than just one song and the audience is positioned in standing and seating areas around the edge of the studio, giving the feel of a bar or a classy music venue.

Objects...
Both shows concentrate on the instruments played by the artists as they want to be viewed as shows interested presenting in quality, live music.
The piano on the Jools Holland show is a signifier which connotes quality and prestige. Often interviews take place at the piano and Jools will play a song with a guest.

Dress...
The presenters of both shows are dressed in a smart casual manner and this is a signifier which connotes that both shows are making an effort but they are not too formal.

Camera Shots and Editing
The first clip introduces us to the acts that are going to be appearing on the show, the camera pans around the studio and the performers collectively play a song which acts as a diegetic music bed to accompany the voice-over, provided by Jools Holland.

In the second clip we have a close-up of the presenter addressing the viewers and giving them a little bit of information about the next guest. We then see a range of camera shots used to grab the attention of the audience. A close-up is used to show the performer playing his violin allowing the viewer to appreciate the technical ability of the artist. A close-up of the artists face is a popular shot in the sequence and gives the audience the chance to see the emotion of the artist. A crane shot is also used to show the stage, followed by a low angled long-shot which zooms in slowly on the stage, positioning the audience at home as a live audience member.

Lighting......
Transmission is set up to have a nightclub feel, so uses low-key lighting and spotlights to highlight the star artists when they are on stage.

The lighting for the Jools Holland is slightly different, brighter, high-key lighting, giving a feel of a gig rather than a nightclub.

Effects:
There are no specific effects used in the Jools Holland clip but the use of smoke machine in the Transmisson clip is obvious and anchors the genre of the programme.

Uses and Gratification.......
Both shows provide a level of diversion for the viewer, allowing them to access live music and see star artists can lift the mood and music itself is a form of diversion.

people may also form personal relationships as a result of watching these shows, they are scheduled late on a Friday, after the pubs have closed and therefore encourage people to sit around with their friends watching music and drinking, much like the studio audience.

Viewers find out information about the artists on the show through lengthy introductions by the presenters and interviews. This is a form of surveillance for the audience, as they finding out new information and learning more about the personalities of the artists.

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2. Plan a music programme aimed at 10-14 by completing the tasks below....

1. Give the programme an appropriate title...
2. Choose a selection of settings or sets and explain your reasons...
   
3. Choose a time and channel or appropriate form of distribution..
4. Create a storyboard for the opening sequences of your music programme
5. Explain your ideas..(PLODCAMEDLEG)

1. Eyespace

2. My programme will be set in a studio that is designed to look like a school. The presenters will be dressed as stereotypical old fashioned teachers, with dark rimmed glasses and cardigans, will interview a variety of guests in the headmasters office.
There will be various locations that replicate a real school, including a main hall, where artists perform live, the headmaster's office for interviews, a gym, where star artists are set a variety of tasks. A music room where artists warm up, almost like a green room.
My primary target audience will be able to personally identify with the locations and my secondary target audience would also be familiar with the layout of a school.

3. The genre of music that will be played on my programme is RnB, therefore, I think it would be wise to place it on a channel that attracts young people, as young people would be my primary target audience.
I could broadcast the programme on T4, channel 4's strand of programming aimed at young people. If I wanted my programme to be seen by a smaller but more specific audience, I could turn to narrowcasting and choose one of the Sky digital channels that specialises in playing rnb music.
I could even broadcast my programme on the Internet, as a pre-recorded programme that could be played on myspace, youtube or a specialist website.

4.
Click to enlarge.....

5.
PEOPLE
My presenters will be dressed as teachers but in a modern style, to attract my primary target audience. There will be a man and a woman and one of them will be a well known celebrity who would act as the star vehicle for the show.
The mode-of-address will be informal and the presenters will communicate with the audience through adopting a direct mode-of-address.
The guests on the show will be artists from the rnb genre and there will be a weekly slot for up and coming new acts.

LOCATION
As mentioned above

OBJECTS
There will be a number of key signifiers will connote the fact that the studio is meant to be a school, including, gym apparatus, a headmasters desk, a blackboard and a cane. These objects will help to acts as historical codes, creating the preferred-reading that the school is from a different era.
The school objects will be juxtaposed against modern objects that connote that the programme is about rnb music, such as modern cars with blacked out windows and plasma screens.

DRESS
The presenters will be dressed as teachers but the guests will be dressed in stereotypical clothes that rnb artists would normally wear, such as vests, gold jewellery, mini-skirts, leather etc...

CAMERA SHOTS
I would use a multi-camera set up as the show will be fast paced and will need to incorporate a variety of camera shots. I will have cameras amongst the live audience, so I can use low-angle shots of the artists and position the audience, making them feel like they are part of the live crowd. I will use close-up shots to highlight the emotion of the artists and the physique of the performers. I will also have cameras behind the stage broadcasting long shots of the crowd, helping the audience at home to get a flavour of the atmosphere in the studio.

EDITING
The editing will be continuous, as it is a live programme and fast paced in order to grab the attention of the target audience and fit in with the music.

LIGHTING
I will use a mixture of low-key lighting, when guests are being interviewed and undertaking tasks and high-key lighting for the live performances, to create a gig like mise-en-scene.

EFFECTS
I will use a smoke machine to help create an atmosphere in the rooms where performances take place.

GRAPHICS
I will use a modern 3D font in the titles for the programme and the same font for the captions that will appear on the screen when artists are performing, the font will help anchor the genre of the programme.

NARRATIVE:
The programme will be multi-strand, as it will have games, interviews, live performances etc...
The presenters will use enigmas to keep the audience watching.

USES AND GRATIFICATION THEORY
The programme will be fun and create a diversion for the viewers, helping them to have fun and forget about more serious issues. It will also quench the viewers need for surveillance, as it will provide them with lots of information about their favourite artists, through interviews and captions that will accompany their performances.
Hopefully people will watch the show with their mates and form personal relationships as a result of enjoying and talking about the content.

Comics: Example Exam

Below is a practice exam with some model answers, this will help you when you are undertaking the practice exams. (Click on the images to see full size versions)


5. Choose one of comic strips. Explain why the strip appeals to its target audience?

Layout........

I have decided to concentrate on the Dennis the menace comic strip. The target audience for the comic would be young children and the strip is set out in a traditional comic format, which keeps children interested, they know the format, they don't have to read too much and there is plenty of colour.

Comic language.....
The codes and conventions which we expect to see in comics of this genre are apparent in this strip. The strip is set up using frames within panels and the characters speak within speech bubbles. We can see that thought bubbles are also used, if we look at the second panel and the last frame, we see Dennis thinking 'Huh' as he is scheming, a common technique used for characters such as Dennis, which helps the reader enter the mind of the character. The technique of using a text box in the corner of a frame to express time, (2nd panel 1st frame) 'soon' keeps the pace of the story up, ensuring the story is attention grabbing for a younger audience.
The use of movement lines is also important in comics as it explains to the reader how quick or slow a character or an object may be moving. We can see in the first frame, that Dennis is rushing up to his Mum, rudely asking for more and when his neighbour slams his window the image is again detailed with movement lines to highlight the slam. The word slam is also used in this panel, bright orange in colour to stand out, this an example of using a sound word, or an onomatopoeic word and it helps anchor the genre.

PLODCAMEDLEG
The people in the comic strip are typical of characters you would expect to find in the life of a young boy. Dennis himself is a stereotypical naughty young boy and therefore would to other young boys who show off and carry out pranks, or would like to anyway. Dennis also has a pet, gnasher (the only one that understands him) who could be seen as the helper, helping Dennis, who is the villain, as labelled in Propp's theory. As the story develops, the neighbour becomes the Damsel-in-distress.

The Locations are again stereotypical locations you would expect to find in a young boy's life. A kitchen, where he gets his food and his street where he causes havoc.

Quite often we see objects that are used to carry out practical jokes and in this strip, we see Dennis uses some drinking straws, this is a typical convention of the genre, using everyday objects to carry out practical jokes.

The dress of the characters is also very important and helps creates a high level of generic verisimilitude. The mother is wearing an apron, the nerdy neighbour is wearing glasses and the main antagonist, Dennis is bright and bold, juxtaposed against the softer dreary background. Dennis is always dressed in black and red which becomes a symbolic code and helps create a visual trigger for the character. The colours black and red are important signifiers, red commonly connoting danger and black, connoting death or evil, it could be said that they represent the colours of the devil, with Dennis being, 'a little devil'.

The panels are mostly made up of long shots or medium shots of the characters, again this is typical of the genre as there is normally plenty of action happening within each frame.

The writing in the strip is all in capital letters and the sentences are simple and short, helping inject pace into the narrative and ensuring it is easy to read.

Narrative...
The narrative is simple and single-strand which is suitable for younger children. The strip starts with a disruption as we see Dennis upsetting the equilibrium by being rude to his Mum. Dennis then responds by upsetting his neighbour, this in Dennis' mind is a resolution because he was hungry and he got to eat and he got to upset someone else.

6. Create a new comic, aimed at young children, by completing the following tasks.

• Task 1. Choose a title for your comic.
• Task 2. Decide on the characters who will be in your comic.
• Task 3. Design a basic comic strip.
• Task 4. Explain how your comic will appeal to a young audience

1. I will call my comic the 'Adventures of Angry Andy' as hopefully the alliteration will appeal to the target audience, it is easy to understand and remember for a young audience but it also work as a bit of an enigma. The genre will be fantasy/sci-fi as this is popular with young people.

2.

• Andy as the hero and the protagonist, as every time he gets angry he saves somebody or something.
• Magic Molly as his helper, who uses a bit of magic if things go wrong.
• Devilish Dave will be the villain or antagonist, who attempts to take over the town of Tamworth the capital of Mercia.
• Andy will have various friends including, Sarcastic Simon, Tall Tim, Judge Judy and Dumbdog, all of whom will take it in turns playing damsel-in-distress, or helper.

3.



4. My comic will appeal to a young audience in a variety of ways including using codes and conventions that are appropriate to comics and the genre of the comic.

Layout...
The target audience for the comic would be young children and the strip is set out in a traditional comic format of frames within panels, which keeps children interested, they know the format, they don't have to read too much and there is plenty of colour.

Comic Language
The codes and conventions which we expect to see in comics of this genre are apparent in this strip. The strip is set up using frames within panels and the characters speak within speech bubbles. We can see that thought bubbles are also used, when Dumbdog is thinking. The technique of using a text box in the corner of a frame also helps explains the change of place and time, or in this case highlights that something is happening at the same time.

I will also use movement lines which are important in comics as it explains to the reader how quick or slow a character or an object may be moving. I will also sound words, or onomatopoeic words which help grab the attention of younger readers and anchor the genre.

PLODCAMEDLEG
The people in my comic are very important and as already explained they follow Propp's theory of including a hero, villain, helper and damsel-in-distress. I will try and subvert stereotypes by making the geek the hero and the villain having a good heart.

The locations I will use will help my target audience identify with the stories. I will use locations such as schools, bedrooms, sports pitches, cinemas etc...

I will use objects that anchor the fantasy sci-fi genre, such as a wand for magic molly and a tardis for dumbdog's kennel.

My characters will be dressed in bright colours and fashionable clothes to connote excitement and appeal to a young audience. Devilish Dave and his helpers will wear more outlandish costumes, this will signify that they are form another world, which will anchor the sci-fi genre.

I will use long shots and medium shots for the majority of the time as the comic will be fast moving and each frame will incorporate a lot of action. I will use close up shots to show facial expressions which will help build tension.

I will make sure that the font is bold and that I use brighter colours when using sound words. I will also use punctuation lavishly to highlight a certain point, a statement of shock !!!!! or a rhetorical question??!!!???

Narrative....
I will ensure that the narrative is single-strand so my target audience can understand it and I will try and use an equilibrium, disruption and resolution in each story. Sometimes I may leave a story on a cliff-hanger but not often, as people read comics because they have fast paces short narratives.

Uses and Gratification Theory....
My target audience will use my comic as a form of diversion form real life, as the stories will be fictional and the characters unrealistic in some respects.
I hope that my readers will be able to personally identify with some of the characters as they are based on stereotypical young people and animals, until of course they access their special powers.
I hope that my target audience will create a personal relationships as a result of reading my comic. I will set up a website with fan clubs for specific characters and a chat room where young people can share their thoughts on the comic and suggest future narratives.

7. Explain why you think comics are popular and why people buy them.

People buy comics because they are cheap and children in particular cannot afford expensive forms of entertainment. Comics are also portable and can be read anywhere at any time.

Comics have been around for many years now and as a result certain issues have become collectable. Collectors like to have full sets of their favourite comics.

Comics appeal to people of all ages and and can be purchased on the internet, in specialist shops, newsagents, supermarkets and comic fayres.

Genre...
There are many different genres of comics and this level of variety helps comics remain popular and attract a large and varied readerships. Comics appeal to all age ranges and with comics aimed at young children, to erotic comics aimed at adults only.

Layout...
Comics are structured in a way which makes them easy to read and accessible to readers of all abilities and ages. Often they are set out in frames and panels and include incredibly detailed images which add to the atmosphere of the comic and anchor the genre.

Comic Language...
Characters speak within speech bubbles and think in thought bubbles, they also use movement lines and sound words. This style of writing, is fast paced and means you have two ways of understanding the text, through words and pictures.

PLODCAMEDLEG....
The people or characters in comics become really important to the readers. Often a singular hero and villain are created and then other characters beef out the narrative. The charcters are developed and become famous, often these characters move across into the world of film and television.

Locations also become famous in comics and readers fell like they know the locations where the action is taking place, we all know Gotham City and The Daily Planet.

Comics rely heavily on their visual art and specific artists become famous for designing specific comics. The characters and the costumes they wear, the weapons and objects they use and the places in which they live and work or play are very important to the reader.

Narrative...
The narratives are normally quite short and are resolved by the end of each strip. Sometimes storylines are left on a cliff hanger, encouraging the reader to buy the next edition to find out what happens.

Uses and Gratification Theory......
Comics are a great form of diversion for their readers, with super-hero characters and troublesome young antagonists.
People often personally identify with characters in comics, often readers want to be like their favourite character and they wish they could do in real life, what they see in the comics.
People form personal relationships through being associated with specific comics, the majority of this communication and in turn relationship building is now done via the internet, through chat rooms and fanclubs.

Lastly comics are portable and you can carry them and read them anywhere. Comics are also a physical commodity and people like to own them and collect them.

How have comics managed to survive the digital age?

Beacause of TV and Film
One of the reasons why comics have survived so long is because many comics have made the transition to the big and the small screen. Many of the characters we know today derived from comics, Spiderman, Superman, Batman, Wonderwoman, Judge Dread, X-men, Flash Gordon etc.
Batman and Robin made the leap to TV years ago carrying across the heroes and villains and even the sound words like 'Kapow' made it onto our screens. Superman is now on TV regularly, starring in Smallville and Flash Gordon has now been turned into a TV series. These TV programmes help keep these characters alive in turn helping these comics and the organisations that made them remain popular.

Manga comics have also become very popular in recent years, a product which is uniquely oriental, which has become a huge success in the west and is very poular in its animated format.

TV programmes are often made into comics or annuals that are written in a comic format, often they are programmes that are aimed at children, like the BBC's, Dora the Explorer.

Companies like DC and Marvel have had their characters immortalised by film and as a result are now thriving, enabling them to produce more comics.

The Internet....
The internet has also helped comics survive as it has made comics available electronically, so people do not have to go out and buy a comic.

Famous organisations and specific comics have their own websites, which often have a variety of hooks to keep their target audience interested aside form the comic strip, The beano website has games and competitions helping to give their young target audience an interactive experience.

The internet has also given comic enthusiaists a way to communicate, organisations a place to sell their comics and collectors a place to find and purchase special editions and valuable copies.

Merchandising.....
Once the chracters, objects, costumes and locations that originally derived from comics become famous, toys, figures, T-shirts, computer games, DVD's and all forms of merchandise, help keep the mythology of the stories in the public eye and provide much needed revenue.

Comics: Practice Exam Papers

Example Exam 1


1. Choose one of the Comic Strips; briefly explain how it appeals to an audience.

2. Storyboard a short comic strip (approx 5 frames) using the appropriate conventions.

3. Explain how comics appeal to different audiences.

4. Give 2 reasons why comics have managed to survive the digital age.

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Example Exam 2


1. What features of the comic strip help identify the target audience?

2. Create a new comic aimed at primary school children by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

3. List every thing you would expect to see on the front cover of a comic.

4. Give 3 reasons why audiences might read comics, using at least one comic as an example.

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Example Exam 3

1. What are the typical conventions you would expect to see on the front cover of a comic?

2. Show how one example of each of the following is used in comics to attract an audience:
a. Language
b. Layout
c. Use of colour
d. Fonts

3. Describe the typical layout of a comic strip

4. Describe how you would market a new comic aimed at children

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Example Exam 4


1. State 2 features of the front cover that make it fit the comic genre.

2. Create a new comic aimed at adults by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

3. Describe how different text is presented in comics.

4. Describe how you would market a new comics aimed at teenagers

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Example Exam 5

1. Identify and describe the presentational devices used.

2. With detailed reference to at least 2 comics, explain why you think that they are so popular with a particular audience and less with others.

3. Create a new comic aimed at teenagers by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

4. Explain how different comics fulfil the different needs suggested by the uses and gratifications theory.

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Example Exam 6

1. Provide a short analysis of the comic strip using the relevant media language.

2. Create a new comic aimed at primary school children by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

3. State 3 things that comics have in common using at least 2 different styles of comics as examples.

4. Identify common stereotypes within comics.

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Example Exam 7

1. How do you think the readers are expected to react to the comic?

2. Does the comic represent reality, if so, how.

3. Create a new comic aimed at adults by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

4. Make suggestions on ho and what you would research prior to producing a new comic.

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Example Exam 8

1. What do you think the preferred reading of the comic is?

2. Story board a short comic strip (approx 5 frames) using the appropriate conventions.

3. Show how one example of each of the following is used in comics to attract an audience:
a. Language
b. Layout
c. Use of colour
d. Fonts

4. Evaluate the role of the regulatory bodies within the print industry and the effect they have on the publishing of comics.

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Example Exam 9


1. Choose one of the Comic Strips; briefly explain how it appeals to an audience.

2. Write a treatment for a new comic aimed at teenagers.

3. Create a new comic aimed at teenagers by completing the following tasks:
a. Create a title
b. Create a list of characters
c. Design a front cover
d. Explain how your comic will appeal to your target audience

4. What industry regulations would you have to consider when producing a comic.

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Example Exam 10

1. List every thing you would expect to see on the front cover of a comic.

2. Analyse and interpret the relationship of the content of the comic to the target audience.

3. Show how one example of each of the following is used in comics to attract an audience:
a. Language
b. Layout
c. Use of colour
d. Fonts

4. Explain how different comics fulfill the different needs suggested in the uses and gratifications theory.

Music on Television: Practice Exam Papers

Example Exam 1




1. What features of this extract identify it as a music programme?

2. Explain how camera work and editing are used in the extracts you have watched.

3. You are developing ideas for a new music programme aimed at teenagers. Complete the following:
a. Suggest a name for the programme
b. 2 possible studio designs
c. Briefly explain why you have chosen these settings.
d. Create a storyboard showing your title sequence (6 -10 shots)

4. Briefly explain 2 ways in which pop music acts are marketed.

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Example Exam 2







1. Explain how the title sequence tells us about the kind of programme we will be watching.

2. Make suggestions for a new pop music programme detailing:
a. Your approach to the programme
b. How you would research the project\when and where you could broadcast the programme.

3. Give three reasons why audiences might watch music programmes using at least 1 programme as an example.

4. Is the Internet having an impact on music programmes on TV? Give reasons behind your thoughts.

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Example Exam 3





1. Choose 2 ways in which the extracts are typical of music programmes.


2. You are developing ideas for a new music programme aimed at teenagers. Complete the following:
a. Suggest a name for the programme
b. 2possible studio designs
c. Briefly explain why you have chosen these settings.
d. Create a storyboard for a segment of your programme (6 -10 shots)

3. Explain how music programmes fulfil the needs suggested within the uses and gratifications theory.

4. Discuss the relationship between broadcasting and the music industry.

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Example Exam 4







1. The title sequence tells us about the programme we will be watching, choose 2 examples from the sequence and explain how they help introduce the programme.

2. The extract is made to create a feeling of ________ and ________. Show how it does this by explaining 2 examples from each of the following:
a. Use of camera (shots)
b. Lighting
c. Editing / transitions
d. Special effects / CGI

3. How do you think the viewers at home are expected to react to the programme

4. Explain how you would market a new pop music act.

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Example Exam 5




1. State three things that music programmes have in common using at least 2 programmes as examples.

2. You are developing ideas for a new music programme featuring RnB music. Complete the following:
a. Suggest a name for the programme
b. 2 possible studio designs
c. Briefly explain why you have chosen these settings.
d. Create a storyboard showing your title sequence (6 -10 shots)

3. Explain how music programmes can appeal to different audiences.

4. What industry regulations would you have to consider when producing a new music programme.

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Example Exam 6





1. With detailed reference to 2 music programmes, compare how they use conventions of the music genre.

2. You are developing ideas for a new chart music programme. Complete the following:
a. Suggest a name for the programme
b. 2 possible studio designs
c. Briefly explain why you have chosen these settings.
d. Create a storyboard a segment of your programme (6 -10 shots)

3. Identify and describe the presentational devices used in the extract.

4. Evaluate the role of the regulatory bodies within the industry and the effect they have on the broadcasting of music programmes.

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Example Exam 7





1. What are the typical conventions of a music programme.

2. The extract is made to create a feeling of ________ and ________. Show how it does this by explaining 2 examples from each of the following:
a. Use of camera (shots)
b. Lighting
c. Editing / transitions
d. Special effects / CGI

3. Analyse and interpret the relationship of the content to the target audience.

4. How and what would you research prior to producing a new music programme.

________________________

Example Exam 8






1. Produce a short analysis of the extract using relevant media language

2. Write a treatment for a new music programme aimed at teenagers.

3. Make suggestions for a new pop music programme detailing:
a. Your approach to the programme
b. How you would research the project\when and where you could broadcast the programme.

4. Briefly explain 2 ways in which pop music acts are marketed.

____________________________

Example Exam 9



1. Identify and describe the presentational devices used within the extract.

2. Write a treatment for a new music chart programme.

3. The extract is made to create a feeling of ________ and ________. Show how it does this by explaining 2 examples from each of the following:
a. Use of camera (shots)
b. Lighting
c. Editing / transitions
d. Special effects / CGI

4. What do you think the preferred reading of the programme would be and explain why?

___________________________

Example Exam 10



1. Produce a short analysis of the extract seen using the relevant media language.

2. You are developing ideas for a new music programme aimed at teenagers. Complete the following:
a. Suggest a name for the programme
b. 2possible studio designs
c. Briefly explain why you have chosen these settings.
d. Create a storyboard for a segment of your programme (6 -10 shots)

3. Is the Internet having an impact on music programmes on TV? Give reasons behind your thoughts.

4. Discuss the relationship between broadcasting and the music industry